영알못 영작연습#21 강요,의무,필요-You must do it

[Focus]

 - 의무, 필요를 표현하는 조동사 : must, had better, have to, ought to, should

 - 조동사의 사용에 따라 강약의 크기가 변한다.

 - 

[Text]

10시까지 이 과제를 마쳐야 해.  I have to finish this project by 10.

보스에게 순종해야 되.  You should obey your boss.

 

강도 순서 >의무 - must do > had better do > have to do / ought to do > should do - 도덕적 의무, 필요.

 

"must" 

 1) 강한 의무. 긴박성/중요도 높음 : ~ 해야만 한다.

   Applications must submit the application forms.

 2) 권위 (화자의 권위로 말하는 경우)

   Police officer said, "You must pull it over"  (pull it over : 차를 세우다)

 

"had better"

 1) 경고 : You had better do it.

 

"have to"

 1) 부드러운 의무

    I have to finish my homework but I will go to the movie instead.

 2) 권위 (화자 외부의 권위)

    I have to take a taxi because thre is no bus.

    I have to work because my parents will not give me any allowance any more.

 

"should"

  1) 도덕적 의무, 필요

      You should be quiet in the library.

  2) 충고

      You should takesome medicine.

 

의무의 부정 == 금지

must --> must not    : ~ 해서는 안된다

had better --> had better not

should --> should not

have to  --> don't have to  : ~ 할 필요가 없다., need not

ought to  --> ought not to

 

의문문 : Do I have to ~

 

[PRACTICE]

You must leave now to get there on time.

Visitors must not touch the displays.

You look tired. You should get some rest.

Do I have to apologize to her?

Do we have to finish this report?

You don't have to dress up for the party.

 

[English Composition Q&A]

Questions:

Q1. 육류는 완전히 익혀져야 합니다. (have to, meat, thoroughly, cook)

Q2. 투표하기 위해서는 18세 이상이어야 합니다. (must, 18 years old or over, vote)

Q3. 운전 중에 휴대폰을 사용하지 마세요.

Q4. 우리는 여기 오래 머물지 않는게 좋겠어.

Q5. 내일은 도시락 가져 올 필요 없어.

 

My answer and correction:

A1. Meat have to be cooked thoroughly.

      :correction : have --> has

A2. You must be 18 years old or over for vote.

      :correction : for vote --> to vote 

A3. You must not use your cell phone while you drive.

      :correction : while you drive --> while you are driving

A4. We don't have to stay here longer.

      :correction : --> We had better not stay here long.

A5. You don't have to take a lunch tomorrow.

      :correction : --> You don't have to bring your lunch tomorrow.

 

* 일반적인 사람을 지칭하는 고지에서 주어는 You, 법적 고지는 must,

* 충고는 should 와 should not